The common cold is a mild infection of your nose and throat caused by viruses. You cannot cure a cold, but you can take steps to feel better while your body heals itself.
Symptoms of a Cold
A cold usually lasts 7 to 14 days. You might have:
- Sore or scratchy throat
- Stuffy or runny nose
- Sneezing and mild cough
- Feeling tired or achy
- Headache and mild fever (usually under 38.5°C or 101°F)
How to Take Care of Yourself at Home
Most colds get better on their own.
Here’s how to feel better:
Rest and Fluids
- Get plenty of rest! Sleep helps your body recover
- Drink lots of fluids like water or warm tea to thin mucus and stay hydrated
Soothe Your Symptoms
- Use saline (salt water) nose sprays or drops to help clear stuffy noses
- Try warm, moist air. Sit in a bathroom with a steamy shower running, or use a cool-mist humidifier
- Use throat lozenges or a spoonful of honey to calm cough or sore throat (avoid honey if under age 1 or allergic)
Over-the-Counter Medicines
- Tylenol (acetaminophen) or Advil (ibuprofen) can lower fever and ease body aches. Follow package instructions.
- Decongestants may help with stuffy nose, but ask your pharmacist first if you have heart problems or high blood pressure
- Exportarants (like Guaifenesin) can be helpful for reducing phlegm and congestion
- Antihistamines may help with allergy type symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and watery eyes
- Supplements that might be helpful: Vitamin C, Zinc, Elderberry Extract, menthol chest rubs — also see Mayo Clinic and Healthline
Important: Avoid antibiotics—they only kill bacteria, not the viruses that cause colds. Ask your pharmacist which products are safe for you.
When to Seek Medical Attention 🩺
Most colds are mild, but contact your healthcare provider if you have:
- Trouble breathing, chest pain, or very wheezy breathing
- High fever (over 38.5°C/101°F) lasting more than 2–3 days
- Symptoms lasting longer than 10 days without improving
- Very sore throat or trouble swallowing
- Severe face pain or pressure, especially around eyes or forehead
- Persistent cough or coughing up green, yellow, or bloody mucus
If you have other health problems like heart or lung conditions, check with your doctor early.
You can contact HealthLink BC and speak with a nurse anytime by dialing 8-1-1
Prevention
- Wash your hands often with soap and water
- Avoid touching your face, especially your mouth, nose, or eyes
- Stay away from people who are sick
- Keep your immune system healthy: eat fruits and vegetables, stay active, get plenty of sleep
- Don’t smoke, limit alcohol
Local & BC Resources
- 811 HealthLink BC: Speak with a nurse anytime by dialing 8-1-1
- Nanaimo Pharmacies: Can give advice about cold medicines
Bottom line: A cold is uncomfortable but usually mild. Focus on rest, fluids, and symptom relief. Most people recover in 1–2 weeks.